FEA NL5: PLASTIC DEFORMATION OF AN ALUMINIUM CYLINDER

Initial setup

! White canvas
/RGB/RGB, Kywrd, PRED, PGRN, PBLU, N1, N2, NINC, NCNTR Specifies the RGB color values for indices and contours.,INDEX,100,100,100,0
/RGB/RGB, Kywrd, PRED, PGRN, PBLU, N1, N2, NINC, NCNTR Specifies the RGB color values for indices and contours.,INDEX,0,0,0,15
/VIEW/VIEW, WN, XV, YV, ZV Defines the viewing direction for the display.,1,1,1,1
/ANG/ANGLE, WN, THETA, Axis, KINCR Rotates the display about an axis.,1
/REP/REPLOT, Label Automatically reissues the last display command for convenience.,FAST
! Define constant parameters
! Units: [N],[Nm],[N/m^2=Pa],[N/m]
ELAST = 68.95E9
NU = 0.3
R = 0.5
H = 1.8
T = R/40
F = 450E3
P = 10E6
NDIV1 = 10
NDIV2 = 15

SETUP: element types, materials, sections

/PREP7/PREP7 Enters the model creation preprocessor.
ETET, ITYPE, Ename, KOP1, KOP2, KOP3, KOP4, KOP5, KOP6, INOPR Defines a local element type from the element library.,1,SHELL281

!
MPTEMPMPTEMP, SLOC, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6 Defines a temperature table for material properties.,1,0
MPDATAMPDATA, Lab, MAT, SLOC, C1, C2, C3, C4, C5, C6 Defines property data to be associated with the temperature table.,EX,1,,ELAST
MPDATAMPDATA, Lab, MAT, SLOC, C1, C2, C3, C4, C5, C6 Defines property data to be associated with the temperature table.,PRXY,1,,NU
TBTB, Lab, MAT, NTEMP, NPTS, TBOPT, EOSOPT, FuncName Activates a data table for material properties or special element input.,MISO,1,1,20
TBPTTBPT, Oper, X1, X2, X3, ..., XN Defines a point on a nonlinear data curve.,,0.00300,206.84E6
TBPTTBPT, Oper, X1, X2, X3, ..., XN Defines a point on a nonlinear data curve.,,0.00350,227.81E6
TBPTTBPT, Oper, X1, X2, X3, ..., XN Defines a point on a nonlinear data curve.,,0.00400,236.49E6
TBPTTBPT, Oper, X1, X2, X3, ..., XN Defines a point on a nonlinear data curve.,,0.00450,243.16E6
TBPTTBPT, Oper, X1, X2, X3, ..., XN Defines a point on a nonlinear data curve.,,0.00500,248.75E6
TBPTTBPT, Oper, X1, X2, X3, ..., XN Defines a point on a nonlinear data curve.,,0.00550,253.73E6
TBPTTBPT, Oper, X1, X2, X3, ..., XN Defines a point on a nonlinear data curve.,,0.00600,258.20E6
TBPTTBPT, Oper, X1, X2, X3, ..., XN Defines a point on a nonlinear data curve.,,0.00650,262.61E6
TBPTTBPT, Oper, X1, X2, X3, ..., XN Defines a point on a nonlinear data curve.,,0.00700,266.14E6
TBPTTBPT, Oper, X1, X2, X3, ..., XN Defines a point on a nonlinear data curve.,,0.00750,269.75E6
TBPTTBPT, Oper, X1, X2, X3, ..., XN Defines a point on a nonlinear data curve.,,0.00800,273.14E6
TBPTTBPT, Oper, X1, X2, X3, ..., XN Defines a point on a nonlinear data curve.,,0.00850,276.38E6
TBPTTBPT, Oper, X1, X2, X3, ..., XN Defines a point on a nonlinear data curve.,,0.00875,277.94E6
TBPTTBPT, Oper, X1, X2, X3, ..., XN Defines a point on a nonlinear data curve.,,0.00900,279.47E6
TBPTTBPT, Oper, X1, X2, X3, ..., XN Defines a point on a nonlinear data curve.,,0.00925,280.97E6
TBPTTBPT, Oper, X1, X2, X3, ..., XN Defines a point on a nonlinear data curve.,,0.00950,282.44E6
TBPTTBPT, Oper, X1, X2, X3, ..., XN Defines a point on a nonlinear data curve.,,0.00975,283.88E6
TBPTTBPT, Oper, X1, X2, X3, ..., XN Defines a point on a nonlinear data curve.,,0.02400,342.72E6
TBPTTBPT, Oper, X1, X2, X3, ..., XN Defines a point on a nonlinear data curve.,,0.04000,387.21E6
TBPTTBPT, Oper, X1, X2, X3, ..., XN Defines a point on a nonlinear data curve.,,0.06300,436.53E6
! Click here to see stress-strain diagram!
!
SECTSECTYPE, SECID, Type, Subtype, Name, REFINEKEY Associates section type information with a section ID number.,1,SHELL
SECDATASECDATA, VAL1, VAL2, VAL3, VAL4, VAL5, VAL6, VAL7, VAL8, VAL9, VAL10, VAL11, VAL12 Describes the geometry of a section.,T,1,0.0,3
SECOFFSETSECOFFSET, Location, OFFSET1, OFFSET2, CG-Y, CG-Z, SH-Y, SH-Z Defines the section offset for cross sections.,MID
!
MPTEMPMPTEMP, SLOC, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6 Defines a temperature table for material properties.,1,0
MPDATAMPDATA, Lab, MAT, SLOC, C1, C2, C3, C4, C5, C6 Defines property data to be associated with the temperature table.,EX,2,,6.894757E14
MPDATAMPDATA, Lab, MAT, SLOC, C1, C2, C3, C4, C5, C6 Defines property data to be associated with the temperature table.,PRXY,2,,0

Modeling

CYLINDCYLIND, RAD1, RAD2, Z1, Z2, THETA1, THETA2 Creates a cylindrical volume centered about the working plane origin.,R,0,0,H,0,360

!
VDELEVDELE, NV1, NV2, NINC, KSWP Deletes unmeshed volumes.,1
ADELEADELE, NA1, NA2, NINC, KSWP Deletes unmeshed areas.,1,2
!
LL, P1, P2, NDIV, SPACE, XV1, YV1, ZV1, XV2, YV2, ZV2 Defines a line between two keypoints.,1,8
LL, P1, P2, NDIV, SPACE, XV1, YV1, ZV1, XV2, YV2, ZV2 Defines a line between two keypoints.,4,6
ASBLASBL, NA, NL, --, KEEPA, KEEPL Subtracts lines from areas.,3,12
ASBLASBL, NA, NL, --, KEEPA, KEEPL Subtracts lines from areas.,4,11
!
WPOFFSWPOFFS, XOFF, YOFF, ZOFF Offsets the working plane.,0,0,H
!
PCIRCPCIRC, RAD1, RAD2, THETA1, THETA2 Creates a circular area centered about the working plane origin.,,R,0,90
PCIRCPCIRC, RAD1, RAD2, THETA1, THETA2 Creates a circular area centered about the working plane origin.,R,1.5*R,0,90
ARSYMARSYM, Ncomp, NA1, NA2, NINC, KINC, NOELEM, IMOVE Generates areas from an area pattern by symmetry reflection.,X,4,6,2
!*
ARSYMARSYM, Ncomp, NA1, NA2, NINC, KINC, NOELEM, IMOVE Generates areas from an area pattern by symmetry reflection.,Y,4,8,2
ARSYMARSYM, Ncomp, NA1, NA2, NINC, KINC, NOELEM, IMOVE Generates areas from an area pattern by symmetry reflection.,Y,7
!*
NUMMRGNUMMRG, Label, TOLER, GTOLER, Action, Switch Merges coincident or equivalently defined items.,KP,0.01

Meshing

! Setting number of elements along lines
*DO*DO, Par, IVAL, FVAL, INC Defines the beginning of a do-loop.,III,1,8
  LESIZELESIZE, NL1, SIZE, ANGSIZ, NDIV, SPACE, KFORC, LAYER1, LAYER2, KYNDIV Specifies the divisions and spacing ratio on unmeshed lines.,III,,,NDIV1
*ENDDO*ENDDO Ends a do-loop and starts the looping action.
*DO*DO, Par, IVAL, FVAL, INC Defines the beginning of a do-loop.,III,9,12
  LESIZELESIZE, NL1, SIZE, ANGSIZ, NDIV, SPACE, KFORC, LAYER1, LAYER2, KYNDIV Specifies the divisions and spacing ratio on unmeshed lines.,III,,,NDIV2
*ENDDO*ENDDO Ends a do-loop and starts the looping action.
! Mapped meshing of areas
MSHKEYMSHKEY, KEY Specifies whether free meshing or mapped meshing should be used to mesh a model.,1
AMESHAMESH, NA1, NA2, NINC Generates nodes and area elements within areas.,ALL
! Click here to see image!
! Load step 1
! Defining kinematic and dynamic constraints
LSELLSEL, Type, Item, Comp, VMIN, VMAX, VINC, KSWP Selects a subset of lines.,S,LOC,Z,0
DLDL, LINE, AREA, Lab, Value1, Value2 Defines DOF constraints on lines.,ALL,,ALL,0
ALLSELALLSEL, LabT, Entity Selects all entities with a single command.,ALL
SFASFA, Area, LKEY, Lab, VALUE, VALUE2 Specifies surface loads on the selected areas.,1,1,PRES,P
SFASFA, Area, LKEY, Lab, VALUE, VALUE2 Specifies surface loads on the selected areas.,2,1,PRES,P
SFASFA, Area, LKEY, Lab, VALUE, VALUE2 Specifies surface loads on the selected areas.,3,1,PRES,P
SFASFA, Area, LKEY, Lab, VALUE, VALUE2 Specifies surface loads on the selected areas.,5,1,PRES,P
LSWRITELSWRITE, LSNUM Writes load and load step option data to a file.,1
! Load step 2
! Defining additional dynamic constraints
FKFK, KPOI, Lab, VALUE, VALUE2 Defines force loads at keypoints.,12,FY,F
FKFK, KPOI, Lab, VALUE, VALUE2 Defines force loads at keypoints.,13,FX,-F
FKFK, KPOI, Lab, VALUE, VALUE2 Defines force loads at keypoints.,19,FY,-F
FKFK, KPOI, Lab, VALUE, VALUE2 Defines force loads at keypoints.,27,FX,F
LSWRITELSWRITE, LSNUM Writes load and load step option data to a file.,2
FINISHFINISH Exits normally from a processor.
! Solution of load cases
/SOL/SOLU Enters the solution processor.
/STATUS/STATUS, Lab Lists the status of items for the run.,SOLU
LSSOLVELSSOLVE, LSMIN, LSMAX, LSINC Reads and solves multiple load steps.,1,2
FINISHFINISH Exits normally from a processor.

Post processing

/POST1/POST1 Enters the database results postprocessor.

! Cylindrical coordinatesystem for results
! x - radial, y - tangential, z - axial
RSYSRSYS, KCN Activates a coordinate system for printout or display of element and nodal results.,1
LCDEFLCDEF, LCNO, LSTEP, SBSTEP, KIMG Creates a load case from a set of results on a results file.,1,1,Last
LCDEFLCDEF, LCNO, LSTEP, SBSTEP, KIMG Creates a load case from a set of results on a results file.,2,2,Last
!
LCASELCASE, LCNO Reads a load case into the database.,1
! Total deformation
PLNSOLPLNSOL, Item, Comp, KUND, Fact, FileID Displays results as continuous contours.,U,SUM,2,1.0! Click here to see image
! First principal stress
PLNSOLPLNSOL, Item, Comp, KUND, Fact, FileID Displays results as continuous contours.,S,1,2,1.0! Click here to see image
!
LCASELCASE, LCNO Reads a load case into the database.,2
! Total deformation
PLNSOLPLNSOL, Item, Comp, KUND, Fact, FileID Displays results as continuous contours.,U,SUM,2,1.0! Click here to see image
! First principal stress
PLNSOLPLNSOL, Item, Comp, KUND, Fact, FileID Displays results as continuous contours.,S,1,2,1.0! Click here to see image
! Stress distribution along an edge
PATHPATH, NAME, nPts, nSets, nDiv Defines a path name and establishes parameters for the path.,EDGE,2,30,100
PPATHPPATH, POINT, NODE, X, Y, Z, CS Defines a path by picking or defining nodes, or locations on the currently active working plane, or by entering specific coordinate locations.,1,NODE(R,0,0)
PPATHPPATH, POINT, NODE, X, Y, Z, CS Defines a path by picking or defining nodes, or locations on the currently active working plane, or by entering specific coordinate locations.,2,NODE(R,0,H)
PDEFPDEF, Lab, Item, Comp, Avglab Interpolates an item onto a path.,SRAD,S,X,NOAVG
PDEFPDEF, Lab, Item, Comp, Avglab Interpolates an item onto a path.,STAN,S,Y,NOAVG
PDEFPDEF, Lab, Item, Comp, Avglab Interpolates an item onto a path.,SAX,S,Z,NOAVG
/AXLAB/AXLAB, Axis, Lab Labels the X and Y axes on graph displays.,X,'z [m]'
/AXLAB/AXLAB, Axis, Lab Labels the X and Y axes on graph displays.,Y,'sig [Pa]'
PLPATHPLPATH, Lab1, Lab2, Lab3, Lab4, Lab5, Lab6 Displays path items on a graph.,SRAD,STAN,SAX! Click here to see image